The Chinese connection

By Datuk Dr Joseph Lee

PBS Supreme Council Member and Head of PBS N.19 Likas Division

One of my “ 7 Halatuju transformasi for PBS” or the Seven Transformative Direction is the “Chinese connection.”

The role of the Chinese community in Malaysian politics has been significant and complex throughout the country’s history. Malaysia is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious society, and the Chinese community is one of the three major ethnic groups, alongside Malays and Indians.

In the context of the state of Sabah, the Chinese forms a significant portion of the population. Their involvement in politics is down to earth and “ trendy” in a sense that their preferred choices are pretty biased toward socio-economic interests and survival.

1. Historical Background:
   The Chinese have a long history in Malaysia, dating back to the 15th century with the arrival of Chinese traders and immigrants. They played a crucial role in the development of the country’s economy, particularly in trade and commerce. Sandakan, a small town in the East Coast of Sabah was once called little Hong Kong due to its economic vibrancy resulting from the prosperous timber industry in the past.
2. Political Representation:
   The Chinese community has been actively involved in Malaysian politics, and several political parties represent their interests. The Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) and the Democratic Action Party (DAP) are two prominent parties that have historically represented the Chinese community’s interests.

In Sabah, the participation of the Chinese in politics was seen in 1985, when PBS or Parti Bersatu Sabah was formed. This multiracial party was able to create a platform for the Chinese community to participate actively in politics.

To ensure multi racialism and inclusive participation of all races in Sabah, the party has clearly stated in its constitution that there will be three major races to be represented by three deputy president. They are the Native Deputy President, the Malay or Islam, and a Chinese. This division is designed specifically to ensure the interests of different races are taken into consideration in major policy formulation and implementation, far different from Malayan political approach where “divide and rule” are commonly practiced based on race.

3. Coalition Politics:
   Malaysian politics is characterized by a coalition system, and the Chinese-based, Indian-based, Dayak-based or Kadasan-based parties for instance, often form alliances with other ethnic-based parties to create multiracial coalitions. One such example is the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition, which was dominated by UMNO (United Malays National Organization) but included PBS in Sabah.
   Today PBS has left BN and formed alliance with GRS or Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, which is a Sabah based political alliance. GRS also has member parties which are Chinese dominated such as LDP.
4. Socioeconomic Impact:
   The Chinese community has been successful in business and entrepreneurship, contributing significantly to Malaysia’s economic growth. However, this success has sometimes led to tensions and issues related to economic disparities and affirmative action policies.
5. Ethnic Relations:
   The role of the Chinese community in politics has also been intertwined with ethnic relations in Malaysia. The country has implemented affirmative action policies favoring the majority Malay population, which at times have created tensions between different ethnic groups. This was especially highlighted by former Prime Minister Dr Mahamad Mohamed in his controversial book, the Malay Dilemma. The book was written when he was not yet the prime minister of Malaysia. However, the banned on the book was lifted when he became the fourth prime minister of Malaysia.
6. Evolving Political Landscape:
   In recent years, Malaysia’s political landscape has seen significant changes with the rise of new political parties and shifting voter sentiments. The Chinese community’s political involvement has also evolved as younger generations seek a more inclusive and progressive political agenda.
7. Striving for Unity:
   In the quest for a united and harmonious Malaysia, the role of the Chinese community, along with other ethnic groups, is vital in promoting understanding, cooperation, and respect among the diverse segments of society.
   • In conclusion, the Chinese community in Malaysia plays a crucial role in the country’s politics and socio-economic development. As Malaysia continues to evolve, it is essential for all ethnic communities to work together, embracing diversity, and fostering unity to build a stronger and more prosperous nation for the future.